The purpose of this study is to investigate ethical challenges, corruption, and accountability mechanisms within the South African public service, and to propose strategies that enhance ethical governance and improve service delivery. The study seeks to understand the systemic, institutional, and behavioural factors that undermine accountability and to identify actionable interventions to curb corruption. Despite existing legislation and institutional frameworks, corruption remains pervasive in South Africa’s public service, negatively affecting resource allocation, service delivery, and public trust. Ethical lapses, political interference, and weak enforcement of accountability mechanisms have perpetuated inefficiencies and inequities in the delivery of essential services. This study addresses the urgent need to examine these challenges and provide solutions for strengthening ethical governance. This study adopts a qualitative research approach, utilizing document analysis, literature review, and case study methods. Data will be collected from policy documents, government reports, academic literature, and relevant case studies to analyze ethical challenges, accountability mechanisms, and corruption patterns in the South African public sector. The approach allows for in-depth exploration of systemic and institutional factors affecting governance and service delivery. Conduct a comprehensive review of existing literature on corruption, accountability, and public service ethics in South Africa. Analyze policy frameworks, legislation, and institutional reports (e.g., PFMA, MFMA, PSC, AGSA) to assess effectiveness of accountability measures. Examine case studies and empirical evidence to understand the practical implications of corruption on service delivery. Synthesize findings to identify gaps, challenges, and best practices for improving ethical governance and accountability. Ethical lapses among public officials, including nepotism, favouritism, and abuse of power, are significant drivers of corruption. Existing accountability mechanisms are weakened by inconsistent enforcement, political interference, and limited capacity. Corruption undermines public service delivery, resulting in resource misallocation, service delays, and inequitable access. Political, institutional, and cultural factors contribute to both the prevalence and mitigation of corrupt practices. Citizen engagement, social norms, and technological innovations are critical for enhancing transparency and accountability. The study contributes to theory and practice by integrating classical and contemporary governance theories (Ethics and Accountability Theory, Public Choice Theory, Institutional Theory, and Governance Principles) with empirical evidence from South Africa. It provides actionable recommendations for policymakers, public institutions, and civil society to strengthen ethical governance, enhance accountability, and improve public service delivery outcomes. Addressing corruption and enhancing accountability in South Africa’s public service requires a multi-faceted approach combining ethical leadership, institutional reform, policy enforcement, citizen engagement, and technology-driven solutions. By understanding systemic, behavioral, and institutional drivers of corruption, this study offers practical strategies to improve governance, rebuild public trust, and ensure equitable and efficient service delivery.