: This paper critically evaluates the development, functionality, and limitations of Early Warning Systems (EWS) in Africa and their pivotal role in conflict prevention and peace building. By examining regional and continental systems such as ECOWARN, CEWARN, and the African Union's Continental Early Warning System (CEWS), as well as national initiatives in Kenya, Ghana, and Senegal, the study reveals best practices, systemic bottlenecks, and opportunities for reform. Emphasizing community participation, technology integration, and gender-sensitive approaches, the paper proposes scalable policy recommendations grounded in practical insights. These include standardized data collection, capacity building, and leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analytics to enhance forecasting accuracy and decision-making. The paper concludes with pathways for strengthening EWS as integral tools for proactive governance and sustained peace across Africa.