The purpose of this study is to explore the challenges and opportunities in the reform of the South African Police Service (SAPS) post-apartheid. Specifically, it aims to assess the historical and contemporary factors influencing police legitimacy, accountability, and community trust in South Africa, and to propose actionable recommendations for police reform. The historical legacy of apartheid-era policing and its enduring impact on the SAPS.Issues of police corruption, inefficiency, and abuse of power.The importance of police legitimacy and community-police relations.The role of community policing and external oversight in enhancing accountability.Strategies for effective reform, including internal cultural shifts and improved community engagement.This study argues that the SAPS continues to struggle with the legacy of apartheid-era policing, which has shaped public perceptions and institutional behaviors. Despite significant democratic reforms, issues such as corruption, lack of accountability, and strained police-community relations persist. The study asserts that a shift towards community-centered policing, increased transparency, and enhanced oversight mechanisms are crucial for rebuilding police legitimacy and fostering safer, more just communities. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the need for police reform to be contextspecific, democratic, and inclusive. This study employs a systematic literature review to analyze existing research on policing in South Africa. The review synthesizes scholarly articles, government reports, and case studies to identify the key challenges and opportunities for reform, offering a comprehensive understanding of the current state of policing. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and civil society organizations working towards police reform in South Africa. By examining both the structural and cultural issues within the SAPS, the study contributes to the ongoing discourse on improving police legitimacy and accountability. The proposed reforms have implications not only for South Africa but for other post-conflict or transitioning societies dealing with similar policing challenges. The primary audience for this study includes academics, researchers, and policymakers focused on law enforcement, public safety, and democratic governance. It also targets civil society organizations, advocacy groups, and community leaders involved in the reform and oversight of police institutions.This study concludes that effective policing reform in South Africa requires a comprehensive and multifaceted approach that addresses both the historical context and the current institutional challenges. By prioritizing community engagement, accountability, and transparency, South Africa can reshape its policing model to better serve and protect all its citizens, fostering a more just and democratic society.