Financial literacy plays a crucial role in promoting economic stability, informed decision-making, and inclusive growth. In a developing economy like India, rural populations continue to face significant challenges in acquiring basic financial knowledge and skills. This study seeks to understand the key barriers to financial literacy in rural India by examining socio-economic, educational, institutional, and technological factors. Limited access to formal education, low income levels, digital illiteracy, inadequate banking infrastructure, and deep-rooted socio-cultural practices collectively hinder the effective dissemination of financial knowledge. Despite various government initiatives aimed at enhancing financial inclusion, gaps persist in awareness, accessibility, and utilization of financial services among rural households. The study highlights the role of language barriers, lack of trust in formal financial institutions, and dependence on informal credit systems in constraining financial literacy outcomes. By analyzing existing literature and policy frameworks, this paper underscores the need for context-specific financial education programs, community-based interventions, and the integration of digital tools tailored to rural realities. Strengthening financial literacy in rural India is essential not only for individual financial well-being but also for sustainable rural development and inclusive economic growth.