WALKING THE BEAT, REDUCING THE HEAT: A CROSSOVER AN RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL ON SHORT FOOT PATROLS AND SERIOUS VIOLENCE IN HIGH-CRIME AREAS
Sr No:
Page No:
12-26
Language:
English
Authors:
Dr. John Motsamai Modise
Received:
2025-04-14
Accepted:
2025-04-30
Published Date:
2025-05-02
Abstract:
This study explores whether the implementation of short, structured foot
patrols in high-violence micro-locations leads to a statistically significant reduction in
serious violence. The research aims to assess the effectiveness of this strategy through a
systematic literature review, with the goal of informing evidence-based, community-sensitive
policing interventions in high-crime urban areas. The study covers key themes including placebased policing, deterrence theory, routine activity theory, procedural justice, and
community-police relations. It draws from both global and local evidence to evaluate how
short foot patrols influence crime dynamics and public perceptions of safety. Foot patrols, even
when brief, can create a "residual deterrent" effect that reduces the opportunity for violent
crime. When done respectfully and consistently, such patrols can enhance police legitimacy,
foster community trust, and reinforce the presence of capable guardianship. However, their
success is highly dependent on community collaboration, officer conduct, and contextual
adaptation. This study employs a systematic literature review of international randomized
controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental studies, and policing interventions in high-violence
neighborhoods. Emphasis is placed on comparative insights from South Africa, the United
States, and the United Kingdom, synthesizing both quantitative outcomes and qualitative
impacts. Findings from this review have important implications for urban crime prevention,
public safety policy, and community engagement strategies. The study provides evidencebased recommendations for the integration of short foot patrols into broader crime prevention
frameworks, particularly in cities grappling with distrust in police, high levels of violence, and
strained institutional capacity. The research is intended for a broad audience including police
leadership, community policing forums (CPFs), safety and security departments, urban
policymakers, civil society organizations, and criminology researchers. Short foot patrols
offer a promising, low-cost, and scalable strategy to reduce serious violence in high-crime
areas. However, their success relies on intentional deployment, accountability, community
involvement, and alignment with broader goals of procedural fairness and social cohesion. This
study reinforces the need for collaborative, context-aware policing informed by robust
empirical evidence.
Keywords:
Foot patrol, Serious violence, High-crime areas, Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), Crime prevention, Police visibility, Hot spot policing, Deterrence, Police-community relations, Procedural justice.